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Table. 3.

Mean and SD of class participation types.

Type Mean SD
Higher-order thinking 3.43 .71
Depth of knowledge 3.30 .62
Connectedness to the world beyond the classroom 2.66 1.00
Substantive conversation 2.95 .89
Social support for student achievement 1.98 .97
New Phys.: Sae Mulli 2022;72:914~922 https://doi.org/10.3938/NPSM.72.914
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